* Before starting the application process, be clear about what you want to accomplish. Draw up a long-range plan that projects goals at least five years ahead.

* Research potential funders thoroughly - a cursory look through a foundation directory isn't good enough. Then apply what you've learned. Don't ignore a funder's guidelines in the hopes of "fitting your proposal into their niche.

* Only preview successful applications from grantseekers whose projects are similar to yours. You'll not only get some good ideas, but an understanding of the competition, too.

* Once you verify available funding, divide your efforts into three further phases: writing the proposal, marketing, and management.

* Writing the proposal should take only about 40% of your time. Try to get program off icials to reviewa 3-5 page summary of your plan first, to make sure you're on the right track.

* Basic rules of proposal-writing: don't ask for more than you need; take your time writing theproposal; never lie; never use the same application twice; be upfront about asking for money;and don't waste time getting to the point.

* Don't overlook marketing. It should take at least 10% of your time. Make sure your organizationwill appeal to a potential funder, try to look professional, and involve key community figureswhere possible.

* Management is vital. You must be able to demonstrate that you have the management skills andexperience that can deliver success.

* Know the funder. It's been estimated that your chances of success improve by as much as 300% whenyou make contact with the funder before and during the proposal-writing process. Don't ask forhidden agendas, but do find out about general trends or new ideas the funder is currently interested in.

* Always work to a timetable. Make sure you have enough time to complete your application so-it meets the funder's deadlines. If you don't have time to do it properly, don't compete for thegrant at all.

* Give thought to the idea of cooperation. Many funders, particularly federal agencies, like applications where more than one organization is involved. If you submit a cooperative proposal,remember to make sure that there is both a formal and informal relationship between grantees.

* When dealing with any funder, but especially federal agencies, remember to read before applying. It sounds simple, but federal competitions live by two rules: 1. The agency isalways right, and 2. When in doubt, refer to rule 1.

* Don't just tell the funder about the existence of the problem you intend to solve. Prove it withstatistics, case studies, testimony, and any other measurable data.

* Know your budget. It's probably the first thing a funder will look at in your proposal. It needs to be realistic and give credibility to your entire proposal. Present the budget separately from the rest of the application, make sure the figures are correct, and that the budget accurately reflectsyour needs. Keep a record of how you arrived at your costs.

* A few other writing hints: 1. Avoid filling your proposal with jargon. 2. Begin each section witha strong, clear sentence. 3. Don't go overboard, but do try to make your proposal interesting to read. 4. Check with the funder to see if there's a preferred format, typestyle, etc.

* If your proposal doesn't win support, keep calm. Never berate funding officials or grant reviewers. Try to get more information, and ask whether it would be worth submitting another application in the future. Go back over your proposal with care, and see if you can find places where it might have been stronger.

* The key to a strong proposal is proving the likelihood that it will achieve its goals. Result areas should always be clearly determined, and measurement indicators should be outlined. It may not be easy to do, but the value of having clear performance standards can't be underestimated.

* Remember that often the key to a strong proposal is simplicity. Don't waste words. Funders are looking for a proposal that will succeed, so keep things clear, factual, supportable, and professional.

* Don't give in to pressure. A rushed proposal rarely wins. Keep a file with standard information enclosed and updated, like staff resumes and commmunity statistical data, so you can concentrate on the specific grant information needed when the time to apply arrives.

* When dealing with foundation or corporate funders, don't underestimate the importance of the original contact letter. Make it as strong as possible, and keep it to the point.